Food price debates in Nigeria tend to focus on production. The evidence points at least as strongly to what happens after the crop leaves the field.

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Post-harvest losses remain high, driven by storage, handling and the time taken to reach a buyer. Every additional day of transit is a cost paid twice, in spoilage and in fuel.

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Road conditions and informal levies along trading routes add a margin that never appears in any official figure but is well known to every haulier.

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Interventions aimed at storage, aggregation and route reliability have shown better returns than input subsidies in the districts where both were tried.